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1 Roof Overhang Effects on Room Ventilation. Roof overhangs can enhance ventilation by damming the airstream in a pocket at the wall thereby increasing the positive pressure outside the window and consequently the airflow through the opening (see Figure 19). 2 Roofs--Thermal Considerations. Roofs receive the most solar radiation of any building surface and are the primary protection from direct radiation in low-rise buildings. The amount of solar radiation falling on the surfaces of a building varies with latitude, season, time of day and building orientation.
In general, inlets for natural ventilation can more easily be designed to accommodate for less than optimal wind orientations than solar control devices (see Figure 17). This is especially true in highrise buildings where orientation to reduce solar gains is most important. However, if the building is low-rise, well- insulated, has a light external color and has effectively shaded windows then the change in 30 MIL-HDBK-1011/2 internal temperature with respect to orientation may be negligible. In such cases, ventilation has a greater effect on the internal conditions and orientation with respect to winds should take precedence.
The siting of a building(s) will have major impacts on the comfort of the building's occupants and on the functioning of the building and its systems. In fact, the feasibility of using natural ventilation for cooling may depend on proper siting. Consideration of the wind and thermal implications of site planning and selection must be given the highest priority for any building project in the earliest stages of the planning and design process. The first task of the planner or designer is to identify the most suitable site for the building(s) to take advantage of the favorable, and to mitigate the adverse, characteristics of the site and its microclimate.